T-cell Large Granular Lymphocytic (T-LGL) leukemia is a rare blood cancer affecting white blood cells called T cells. It makes up about 85% of LGL leukemia cases. The condition causes the body to produce too many abnormal white blood cells that are larger than normal and contain small particles called granules.
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T-cell Large Granular Lymphocytic (T-LGL) leukemia is a rare blood cancer affecting white blood cells called T cells. It makes up about 85% of LGL leukemia cases. The condition causes the body to produce too many abnormal white blood cells that are larger than normal and contain small particles called granules.
This rare condition affects approximately 0.2 cases per 1 million people annually. It typically occurs in people between ages 45-75, with an average diagnosis age of 60. The condition affects men and women equally. Many people with LGL leukemia have STAT3 gene mutations, though doctors don't fully understand why these mutations occur or how they cause the condition. Risk factors may include:
• Obesity
• Radiation exposure
• Chemical exposure
• Autoimmune conditions (about 20% of patients have rheumatoid arthritis or similar conditions)
Treatment approaches vary based on symptoms. For slow-growing cases, doctors may use a "wait-and-watch" strategy. When treatment is needed, medications that modify immune system function are typically used, including methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and cyclosporine.
July 15, 2025
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